Linux Terminal Commands-2

Linux Terminal Commands-2

File Permissions commands:

Description	Shortcut key
Change the permissions of file to octal, which can be found separately for user, group, and world by adding: 4-read(r), 2-write(w), 1-execute(x)	chmod octal file
read, write, execute for all	chmod 777
rwx for owner, rx for group and world	chmod 755

File commands:

Description	Shortcut key
Directory listing	ls
List files in current directory using long format	ls -l
List all files in current directory in long format and display in columns	ls -laC
List files in current directory and indicate the file type	ls -F
Formatted listing with hidden files	ls -al
Change directory to dir	cd dir
Change to home	cd
Create a directory dir	mkdir dir
Show current directory	pwd
Remove a file or directory called name	rm name
Delete directory dir	rm -r dir
Force remove file	rm -f file
Force remove an entire directory dir and all it’s included files and subdirectories (use with extreme caution)	rm -rf dir
Copy file1 to file2	cp file1 file2
Copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist	cp -r dir1 dir2
Copy the filename called file to the /home/dirname directory	cp file /home/dirname
Move the file called filename to the /home/dirname directory	mv file /home/dirname
Rename or move file1 to file2; if file2 is an existing directory, moves file1 into directory file2	mv file1 file2
Create symbolic link link to file	ln -s file link
Create or update file	touch file
Places standard input into file	cat > file
Display the file called file	cat file
Display the file called file one page at a time, proceed to next page using the spacebar	more file
Output the first 10 lines of file	head file
Display the first 20 lines of the file called file	head -20 file
Output the last 10 lines of file	tail file
Display the last 20 lines of the file called file	tail -20 file
Output the contents of file as it grows, starting with the last 10 lines	tail -f file